The Consonants

There are 33 consonants in Pali Alphabet. (Sesā byañjanā)
 

                                                1       2       3       4       5

                                      ka     kha   ga     gha   ṅa

                                      ca     cha   ja      jha    ña

                                  ṭa     ṭha   ḍa    ḍha ṇa

                                      ta      tha    da     dha   na

                                      pa     pha   ba     bha   ma

                                      ya     ra      la      va    sa      ha   ḷa   (ŋ)  ṃ

The consonants are divided into few categories. 

i. Vagga- Grouped letters                               ii. Avagga- Non-grouped letters

iii. Ghosa- Voiced letters                                iv. Aghosa- Voiceless letters 

v. Vagganta- Nasal letters                               vi. Niggahīta- Pure nasal letter

vii. Ekaja- One formation letters                     viii. Dvija- Two formations letters

ix. Sithila- Unaspirate  letters                          x. Dhanita- Aspirate letters

Consonant categories in detail-

i. Vagga- (Grouped letters)

                                                1          2          3          4          5

Ka Vagga-      (ka group)-      ka        kha      ga        gha      ṅa

Ca Vagga-      (ca group)-       ca        cha      ja         jha       ña

Ýa Vagga-      (µa group)-      ṭa        ṭha     ḍa       ḍha       ṇa

Ta Vagga-       (ta group)-       ta         tha       da        dha      na

Pa Vagga-       (pa group)-      pa        pha      ba        bha      ma

ii. Avagga-( Non-grouped letters)

ya   ra    la    va    sa    ha   ḷa

iii. Ghosa- (Voiced letters)

                                                            3       4       5

                                                ga     gha   ṅa

                                                ja      jha    ña

                                              ḍa    ḍha ṇa

                                                da     dha   na

                                                ba     bha   ma

                                                ya    ra      la      va     -   ha    ḷa  -

iv. Aghosa- Soundless letters

                                                1          2         

                                                ka        kha     

                                                ca        cha     

                                                ṭa        ṭha    

                                                ta         tha                  

                                                pa        pha     

                                                sa

v. Vagganta- Nasal letters

ªa   ña   ṇa   na   ma

vi. Niggahīta- Pure nasal letter

(ŋ)  ṃ

vii. Ekaja- One formation letters

                                      a       ā       i          ī      u      ū      -   -

                                      ka     kha   ga     gha   ṅa

                                      ca     cha   ja      jha    ña

                                ṭa     ṭha   ḍa    ḍha ṇa

                                      ta      tha    da     dha   na

                                      pa     pha   ba     bha   ma

                                      ya     ra      la      -        sa      ha   ḷa   ṃ

viii. Dvija- (Two formations letters)

e   o   va

ix. Sithila- (Unaspirate  letters)                      

                                                1                      3                     

                                                ka                    ga                   

                                                ca                    ja        

                                                ṭa                    ḍa      

                                                ta                     da                   

                                                pa                    ba       

x. Dhanita- (Aspirate letters)

                                                            2                      4         

                                                            kha                  gha     

                                                            cha                  jha      

                                                            ṭha                 ḍha    

                                                            tha                   dha     

                                                            pha                  bha